Otung, Ifiok. creator text Electronic books. xx 2021 2nd ed. monographic eng 1 online resource (947 pages) For those seeking a thorough grounding in modern communication engineering principles delivered with unrivaled clarity using an engineering-first approach Communication Engineering Principles, 2nd Edition provides readers with comprehensive background information and instruction in the rapidly expanding and growing field of communication. Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- About the Companion Website -- Chapter 1 Overview of Communication Systems -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Nonelectrical Telecommunication -- 1.2.1 Verbal Nonelectrical Telecommunication -- 1.2.2 Visual Nonelectrical Telecommunication -- 1.2.2.1 Flags, Smoke, and Bonfires -- 1.2.2.2 Heliography -- 1.2.2.3 Semaphore -- 1.2.2.4 Demerits of Visual Nonelectrical Telecommunication -- 1.3 Modern Telecommunication -- 1.3.1 Developments in Character Codes -- 1.3.1.1 Morse Code -- 1.3.1.2 Baudot Code -- 1.3.1.3 Hollerith Code -- 1.3.1.4 EBCDIC Code -- 1.3.1.5 ASCII Code -- 1.3.1.6 ISO 8859 Code -- 1.3.1.7 Unicode -- 1.3.2 Developments in Services -- 1.3.2.1 Telegram -- 1.3.2.2 Telex -- 1.3.2.3 Facsimile -- 1.3.2.4 The Digital Era -- 1.3.3 Developments in Transmission Media -- 1.3.3.1 Copper Cable -- 1.3.3.2 Radio -- 1.3.3.3 Optical Fibre -- 1.4 Communication System Elements -- 1.4.1 Information Source -- 1.4.1.1 Audio Input Devices -- 1.4.1.2 Video Input Devices -- 1.4.1.3 Data Input Devices -- 1.4.1.4 Sensors -- 1.4.2 Information Sink -- 1.4.2.1 Audio Output Device -- 1.4.2.2 Visual Display Devices -- 1.4.2.3 Storage Devices -- 1.4.3 Transmitter -- 1.4.4 Receiver -- 1.5 Classification of Communication Systems -- 1.5.1 Simplex Versus Duplex Communication Systems -- 1.5.2 Analogue Versus Digital Communication Systems -- 1.5.3 Baseband Versus Modulated Communication Systems -- 1.5.3.1 Analogue Baseband Communication System -- 1.5.3.2 Discrete Baseband Communication System -- 1.5.3.3 Digital Baseband Communication System -- 1.5.3.4 Modulated Communication Systems -- 1.5.4 Circuit Versus Packet Switching -- 1.5.4.1 Circuit Switching -- 1.5.4.2 Packet Switching -- 1.6 Epilogue -- References -- Review Questions -- Chapter 2 Introduction to Signals and Systems -- 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 What Is a Signal? -- 2.3 Forms of Telecommunication Signals -- 2.4 Subjective Classification of Telecommunication Signals -- 2.4.1 Speech -- 2.4.2 Music -- 2.4.3 Video -- 2.4.4 Digital Data -- 2.4.5 Facsimile -- 2.4.6 Ancillary and Control Signals -- 2.5 Objective Classification of Telecommunication Signals -- 2.5.1 Analogue or Digital -- 2.5.2 Periodic or Nonperiodic -- 2.5.3 Deterministic or Random -- 2.5.4 Power or Energy -- 2.5.5 Even or Odd -- 2.6 Special Waveforms and Signals -- 2.6.1 Unit Step Function -- 2.6.2 Signum Function -- 2.6.3 Rectangular Pulse -- 2.6.4 Ramp Pulse -- 2.6.5 Triangular Pulse -- 2.6.6 Sawtooth and Trapezoidal Pulses -- 2.6.7 Unit Impulse Function -- 2.6.8 Sinc Function -- 2.7 Sinusoidal Signals -- 2.7.1 Qualitative Introduction -- 2.7.2 Parameters of a Sinusoidal Signal -- 2.7.2.1 Angle -- 2.7.2.2 Amplitude -- 2.7.2.3 Angular Frequency -- 2.7.2.4 Frequency -- 2.7.2.5 Period -- 2.7.2.6 Wavelength -- 2.7.2.7 Initial Phase -- 2.7.2.8 Phase Difference -- 2.7.3 Addition of Sinusoids -- 2.7.3.1 Same Frequency and Phase -- 2.7.3.2 Same Frequency but Different Phases -- 2.7.3.3 Multiple Sinusoids of Different Frequencies -- 2.7.3.4 Beats Involving Two Sinusoids -- 2.7.4 Multiplication of Sinusoids -- 2.8 Logarithmic Units -- 2.8.1 Logarithmic Units for System Gain -- 2.8.2 Logarithmic Units for Voltage, Power, and Other Quantities -- 2.8.3 Logarithmic Unit Dos and Don'ts -- 2.9 Calibration of a Signal Transmission Path -- 2.10 Systems and Their Properties -- 2.10.1 Memory -- 2.10.2 Stability -- 2.10.3 Causality -- 2.10.4 Linearity -- 2.10.5 Time Invariance -- 2.10.6 Invertibility -- 2.11 Summary -- Questions -- Chapter 3 Time Domain Analysis of Signals and Systems -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Basic Signal Operations -- 3.2.1 Time Shifting (Signal Delay and Advance) -- 3.2.2 Time Reversal -- 3.2.3 Time Scaling. 3.3 Random Signals -- 3.3.1 Random Processes -- 3.3.2 Random Signal Parameters -- 3.3.3 Stationarity and Ergodicity -- 3.4 Standard Distribution Functions -- 3.4.1 Gaussian or Normal Distribution -- 3.4.2 Rayleigh Distribution -- 3.4.3 Lognormal Distribution -- 3.4.4 Rician Distribution -- 3.4.5 Exponential and Poisson Distributions -- 3.5 Signal Characterisation -- 3.5.1 Mean -- 3.5.2 Power -- 3.5.3 Energy -- 3.5.4 Root‐mean‐square Value -- 3.5.5 Autocorrelation -- 3.5.6 Covariance and Correlation Coefficient -- 3.6 Linear Time Invariant System Analysis -- 3.6.1 LTI System Response -- 3.6.2 Evaluation of Convolution Integral -- 3.6.3 Evaluation of Convolution Sum -- 3.6.4 Autocorrelation and Convolution -- 3.7 Summary -- References -- Questions -- Chapter 4 Frequency Domain Analysis of Signals and Systems -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Fourier Series -- 4.2.1 Sinusoidal Form of Fourier Series -- 4.2.1.1 Time Shifting -- 4.2.1.2 Time Reversal -- 4.2.1.3 Even and Odd Functions -- 4.2.1.4 Piecewise Linear Functions -- 4.2.2 Complex Exponential Form of Fourier Series -- 4.2.3 Amplitude and Phase Spectra -- 4.2.3.1 Double‐sided Spectrum -- 4.2.3.2 Single‐sided Spectrum -- 4.2.4 Fourier Series Application to Selected Waveforms -- 4.2.4.1 Flat-top-Sampled Signal -- 4.2.4.2 Binary ASK Signal and Sinusoidal Pulse Train -- 4.2.4.3 Trapezoidal Pulse Train -- 4.3 Fourier Transform -- 4.3.1 Properties of the Fourier Transform -- 4.3.1.1 Even and Odd Functions -- 4.3.1.2 Linearity -- 4.3.1.3 Time Shifting -- 4.3.1.4 Frequency Shifting -- 4.3.1.5 Time Scaling -- 4.3.1.6 Time Reversal -- 4.3.1.7 Complex Conjugation -- 4.3.1.8 Duality -- 4.3.1.9 Differentiation -- 4.3.1.10 Integration -- 4.3.1.11 Multiplication -- 4.3.1.12 Convolution -- 4.3.1.13 Areas -- 4.3.1.14 Energy -- 4.3.2 Table of Fourier Transforms -- 4.3.3 Fourier Transform of Periodic Signals. 4.4 Discrete Fourier Transform -- 4.4.1 Properties of the Discrete Fourier Transform -- 4.4.1.1 Periodicity -- 4.4.1.2 Symmetry -- 4.4.2 Fast Fourier Transform -- 4.4.3 Practical Issues in DFT Implementation -- 4.4.3.1 Aliasing -- 4.4.3.2 Frequency Resolution -- 4.4.3.3 Spectral Leakage -- 4.4.3.4 Spectral Smearing -- 4.4.3.5 Spectral Density and Its Variance -- 4.5 Laplace and z‐transforms -- 4.5.1 Laplace Transform -- 4.5.2 z‐transform -- 4.6 Inverse Relationship Between Time and Frequency Domains -- 4.7 Frequency Domain Characterisation of LTI Systems -- 4.7.1 Transfer Function -- 4.7.2 Output Spectral Density of LTI Systems -- 4.7.3 Signal and System Bandwidths -- 4.7.3.1 Subjective Bandwidth -- 4.7.3.2 Null Bandwidth -- 4.7.3.3 3 dB Bandwidth -- 4.7.3.4 Fractional Power Containment Bandwidth -- 4.7.3.5 Noise Equivalent Bandwidth -- 4.7.4 Distortionless Transmission -- 4.7.5 Attenuation and Delay Distortions -- 4.7.6 Nonlinear Distortions -- 4.8 Summary -- References -- Questions -- Chapter 5 Transmission Media -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Metallic Line Systems -- 5.2.1 Wire Pairs -- 5.2.2 Coaxial Cable -- 5.2.3 Attenuation in Metallic Lines -- 5.3 Transmission Line Theory -- 5.3.1 Incident and Reflected Waves -- 5.3.2 Secondary Line Constants -- 5.3.3 Characteristic Impedance -- 5.3.4 Reflection and Transmission Coefficients -- 5.3.5 Standing Waves -- 5.3.6 Line Impedance and Admittance -- 5.3.7 Line Termination and Impedance Matching -- 5.3.8 Scattering Parameters -- 5.3.9 Smith Chart -- 5.4 Optical Fibre -- 5.4.1 Optical Fibre Types -- 5.4.1.1 Single‐mode Step Index -- 5.4.1.2 Multimode Step Index Fibre -- 5.4.1.3 Multimode Graded Index -- 5.4.2 Coupling of Light into Fibre -- 5.4.3 Attenuation in Optical Fibre -- 5.4.3.1 Intrinsic Fibre Loss -- 5.4.3.2 Extrinsic Fibre Loss -- 5.4.4 Dispersion in Optical Fibre -- 5.4.4.1 Intermodal Dispersion. 5.4.4.2 Intramodal Dispersion -- 5.5 Radio -- 5.5.1 Maxwell's Equations -- 5.5.2 Radio Wave Propagation Modes -- 5.5.2.1 Ground Wave -- 5.5.2.2 Sky Wave -- 5.5.2.3 Line‐of‐sight (LOS) -- 5.5.2.4 Satellite Communications -- 5.5.2.5 Mobile Communications -- 5.5.2.6 Ionospheric Scatter -- 5.5.2.7 Tropospheric Scatter -- 5.5.3 Radio Wave Propagation Effects -- 5.5.3.1 Ionospheric Effects -- 5.5.3.2 Tropospheric Attenuation -- 5.5.3.3 Tropospheric Scintillation -- 5.5.3.4 Depolarisation -- 5.5.3.5 Tropospheric Refraction -- 5.5.4 Reflection and Refraction -- 5.5.5 Rough Surface Scattering -- 5.5.6 Diffraction -- 5.5.6.1 Diffraction Configuration and Terms -- 5.5.6.2 Fresnel Zones -- 5.5.6.3 Knife‐edge Diffraction Loss -- 5.5.7 Path Loss -- 5.5.7.1 Free Space Path Loss -- 5.5.7.2 Plane Earth Propagation Path Loss -- 5.5.7.3 Terrestrial Cellular Radio Path Loss -- 5.5.8 Radio Frequency Allocation -- 5.6 Summary -- References -- Questions -- Chapter 6 Noise in Communication Systems -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Physical Sources of Random Noise -- 6.2.1 Thermal or Johnson Noise -- 6.2.2 Quantisation Noise -- 6.2.3 Radio or Sky Noise -- 6.2.4 Shot Noise -- 6.2.5 Partition Noise -- 6.2.6 Quantum Noise -- 6.2.7 Flicker or 1/f Noise -- 6.3 Additive White Gaussian Noise -- 6.3.1 Gaussian PDF of Noise -- 6.3.2 White Noise -- 6.3.3 Canonical and Envelope Representations of Noise -- 6.4 System Noise Calculations -- 6.4.1 Available Noise Power -- 6.4.2 Equivalent Noise Temperature -- 6.4.3 Noise Figure of a Single System -- 6.4.4 Noise Figure of Cascaded Systems -- 6.4.5 Overall System Noise Temperature -- 6.4.6 Signal‐to‐noise Ratio -- 6.5 Noise Effects in Communication Systems -- 6.5.1 SNR in Analogue Communication Systems -- 6.5.2 BER in Digital Communication Systems -- 6.6 Summary -- References -- Questions -- Chapter 7 Amplitude Modulation -- 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 AM Signals: Time Domain Description. Digital communications TK5103.7 .O886 2021 621.382 Otung, Ifiok Newark : John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated,c2021 9781119273967 https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.mlisicats.remotexs.co/lib/ppks/detail.action?docID=6456001 https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.mlisicats.remotexs.co/lib/ppks/detail.action?docID=6456001 MiAaPQ 260525 20260623155219.0 EBC6456001 eng